the latest on horse genetics:
<!--QuoteBegin-->QUOTE<!--QuoteEBegin-->--- In IndiaArchaeology@yahoogroups.com, "S.Kalyanaraman" wrote: >
>
> > Any photographs, Paul, of the southern Asian horse of neolithic
> times? Any scientific reports on the ribs, lumbar vertebrae of this
> horse?
>
A complete description of Equus sivalensis can be found in:
FALCONER H. and Cautley, Fauna Antiqua Sivalensis, Being the Fossil Zoology of the Siwalik Highlands in the North of India, 1849, London.
<i>A Pliocene horse skeleton with 17 rib pairs. </i>
Although sivalensis is declared to have gone extinct this is based on a sparse data negative argument. For example, there are those who believe that <b>the latter Equus namadicus is related or indistinguishable from Equus sivalensis. </b>
The following pdf is of a dated work but it demonstrates that some researchers found remnants of E. sivalensis is various modern breeds:
http://www.curlesnewstead.org.uk/pdfs/cu...ndices.pdf
The article has some good discussion on sivalensis dentition and cranial shape with images.
"Recently Mr. Lydekker has pointed out that some Arabs have the face bent downwards on the cranium, the premaxillae long, the first premolars large, and the anterior pillar of the upper molars unusually short.
"In other words, Lydekker now realises that all the modern breeds are not characterised by longpillared molars, and says that <b>there is a probability that Barbs, Arabs, and Thoroughbreds are descended from Equus sivalensis." </b>
This contention is based on some isolated preservation of E. sivalensis traits. However, rather <b>fully-sivalensis types have been described from Neolithic strata (8000-4000 BCE) at Lemery, Batangas in the Philippines together with dog remains. </b>
PATERNO, Judith, "The Indigenous Horse," Filipinas Journal of Science and Culture 4, 1981.
ALBA, Elenita, "Archaeological evidences of animals as trade goods: A preliminary survey," National Museum Papers v. 4, 1994.
Alba mentions that these E. sivalensis features are still found in horses of the so-called "Sulu Horse" and its relatives in Borneo, Sumatra and Malacca.
The next pdf has some good discussion and photos on E. sivalensis dentition:
http://www.mnhn.fr/publication/geodiv/g00n2a7.pdf
Notice the profiles in the ancient images of Indian and Indonesian horses:
<i>From Konarak
Â
From Sangeang
From Sanchi </i>
The <b>horses of Southeast Asia, both mainland and insular, show great tropical adaptability.</b> For example, there are <b>"wild" forest horses in Sumba and Timor.</b> This is likely evidence of <b>very long residence in such type of climate.</b> <b>These horses also show some of the highest mtDNA diversity in the world. </b>
Regards,
Paul Kekai Manansala
http://sambali.blogspot.com/
Original post: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IndiaArcha...ssage/2360<!--QuoteEnd--><!--QuoteEEnd-->
<!--QuoteBegin-->QUOTE<!--QuoteEBegin-->--- In IndiaArchaeology@yahoogroups.com, "S.Kalyanaraman" wrote: >
>
> > Any photographs, Paul, of the southern Asian horse of neolithic
> times? Any scientific reports on the ribs, lumbar vertebrae of this
> horse?
>
A complete description of Equus sivalensis can be found in:
FALCONER H. and Cautley, Fauna Antiqua Sivalensis, Being the Fossil Zoology of the Siwalik Highlands in the North of India, 1849, London.
<i>A Pliocene horse skeleton with 17 rib pairs. </i>
Although sivalensis is declared to have gone extinct this is based on a sparse data negative argument. For example, there are those who believe that <b>the latter Equus namadicus is related or indistinguishable from Equus sivalensis. </b>
The following pdf is of a dated work but it demonstrates that some researchers found remnants of E. sivalensis is various modern breeds:
http://www.curlesnewstead.org.uk/pdfs/cu...ndices.pdf
The article has some good discussion on sivalensis dentition and cranial shape with images.
"Recently Mr. Lydekker has pointed out that some Arabs have the face bent downwards on the cranium, the premaxillae long, the first premolars large, and the anterior pillar of the upper molars unusually short.
"In other words, Lydekker now realises that all the modern breeds are not characterised by longpillared molars, and says that <b>there is a probability that Barbs, Arabs, and Thoroughbreds are descended from Equus sivalensis." </b>
This contention is based on some isolated preservation of E. sivalensis traits. However, rather <b>fully-sivalensis types have been described from Neolithic strata (8000-4000 BCE) at Lemery, Batangas in the Philippines together with dog remains. </b>
PATERNO, Judith, "The Indigenous Horse," Filipinas Journal of Science and Culture 4, 1981.
ALBA, Elenita, "Archaeological evidences of animals as trade goods: A preliminary survey," National Museum Papers v. 4, 1994.
Alba mentions that these E. sivalensis features are still found in horses of the so-called "Sulu Horse" and its relatives in Borneo, Sumatra and Malacca.
The next pdf has some good discussion and photos on E. sivalensis dentition:
http://www.mnhn.fr/publication/geodiv/g00n2a7.pdf
Notice the profiles in the ancient images of Indian and Indonesian horses:
<i>From Konarak
Â
From Sangeang
From Sanchi </i>
The <b>horses of Southeast Asia, both mainland and insular, show great tropical adaptability.</b> For example, there are <b>"wild" forest horses in Sumba and Timor.</b> This is likely evidence of <b>very long residence in such type of climate.</b> <b>These horses also show some of the highest mtDNA diversity in the world. </b>
Regards,
Paul Kekai Manansala
http://sambali.blogspot.com/
Original post: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IndiaArcha...ssage/2360<!--QuoteEnd--><!--QuoteEEnd-->